Research Article
Effects of Planting Season, Planting Method, and Fertilization Regime on Survival and Early Growth of Camellia rubriflora
Nguyen Thi Tinh,
Duong Thi Thu Hoai,
Nguyen Thi Thu Ha,
Ngo Xuan Binh,
Nguyen Huu Tho*
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 3, June 2026
Pages:
74-83
Received:
10 April 2026
Accepted:
29 April 2026
Published:
19 May 2026
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijaas.20261203.11
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Abstract: Single petal red camellia (Camellia rubriflora) is a rare endemic species with high ornamental, medicinal, and conservation value in northern Vietnam. However, its large-scale cultivation remains constrained by high mortality and inconsistent early growth due to the lack of standardized agronomic practices. This study provides a systematic evaluation of key cultivation factors affecting the establishment phase of C. rubriflora, aiming to develop an optimized technical framework for its sustainable production. Three independent experiments were conducted using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications at Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry from 2023 to 2024. The study investigated the effects of planting season (spring, autumn, winter), planting method (open-field monoculture vs. intercropping), and fertilization regime (varying levels of organic manure combined with NPK 16: 16: 8) on survival rate and growth performance. Plant height, basal diameter, and survival rate were monitored over 12 months and analyzed using ANOVA and LSD tests (p < 0.05). The results revealed that planting season significantly influenced long-term plant performance, with spring planting achieving the highest survival rate (85.55%) and superior growth. Intercropping systems markedly improved microclimatic and soil conditions, resulting in significantly higher survival (88.89%) and enhanced vegetative growth compared with monoculture systems. The optimal fertilization regime was identified as 5 kg of well-decomposed manure combined with 0.3 kg NPK per planting hole, ensuring balanced growth and maximum survival (90.89%). These findings provide novel insights into the integrated effects of ecological and nutritional factors on C. rubriflora, offering a robust scientific basis for developing standardized cultivation protocols and supporting sustainable expansion of this valuable species.
Abstract: Single petal red camellia (Camellia rubriflora) is a rare endemic species with high ornamental, medicinal, and conservation value in northern Vietnam. However, its large-scale cultivation remains constrained by high mortality and inconsistent early growth due to the lack of standardized agronomic practices. This study provides a systematic evaluati...
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Research Article
Examination of Rice Blast Incidence and Severity Caused by Magnaporthe oryzae (M. oryzae) in Tanzania Selected Rice Growing Regions
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 3, June 2026
Pages:
84-96
Received:
10 April 2026
Accepted:
17 May 2026
Published:
21 May 2026
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijaas.20261203.12
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: Rice blast disease, caused by Magnaporthe oryzae (M. oryzae) is one of the most devastating diseases in rice production worldwide, causing high yield losses. In Tanzania, the disease exhibits significant impacts, largely due to limited diagnostic knowledge, resistant varieties, and poor control measures. This research study carried out during 2024/2025 aim to determine the incidence and severity of the disease across five representative rice-growing regions (Morogoro, Tanga, Kilimanjaro, Mwanza, and Mbeya). Disease incidence and severity from selected hundred (100) rice rice-growing farms were studied and recorded, while the symptomatic blast leaves were collected for isolation and morphological identification of the pathogen. The results revealed that both incidence and severity across regions, villages varied significantly at P < 0.05 given that, Morogoro region showed the highest incidence (60.68% and severity (66.32%), and the lowest in Mwanza (46.52%, 51.95%). The study also detected Dakawa village has attacked more (61.29%), while Mvumi both from Morogoro was more infested (68.38%). Rice cultivars showed the significant differences in disease susceptibility levels, given that the variety TXD 306 (Saro 5) was relatively tolerant, with low incidence and severity (40.33%, 44.84%), whereas kalamata was highly susceptible (62.15% incidence and 67.71% severity). The noted significant regional difference (P<0.001) in disease pressure from the studied region could be influenced by different climatic factors, ecology, and varieties grown. Overall, this finding highlights the significant threat posed by rice blast disease in Tanzania and suggests an urgent need for modern management measures and the adoption of resistant rice varieties.
Abstract: Rice blast disease, caused by Magnaporthe oryzae (M. oryzae) is one of the most devastating diseases in rice production worldwide, causing high yield losses. In Tanzania, the disease exhibits significant impacts, largely due to limited diagnostic knowledge, resistant varieties, and poor control measures. This research study carried out during 2024/...
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